This EU-PolarNet 2 White Paper provides more than 80 actionable policy-level recommendations within seven pillars, to strengthen international collaboration in polar observation and facilitate transfer of knowledge between the Arctic and the Antarctic. The recommendations seek to consolidate existing initiatives, integrate infrastructures and funding mechanisms to enhance collective comprehension of polar environmental changes. Collaboration between EU (European Union) Member States and non-EU Arctic and Antarctic countries is recommended to address climate change threats and to encourage unity among nations in polar observation. DOI:/10.5281/zenodo.10929817